Fir trees are evergreen conifers that belong to the Abies genus in the Pine family. Types of Evergreen Trees That Will Leave You Wonder-struck. As with many species of fir tree, the bark on subalpine firs is smooth on young trees and gradually becomes scaly as the tree ages. Several species are useful as a source of timber, and a number are cultivated as ornamentals. Unlike fir trees, the large brown cones don’t grow erect but droop from the branches. Fir, genus of more than 40 species of evergreen trees of the conifer family Pinaceae. The needles are dark green with a slight silvery cast, Balsams have short, flat, needles that are long-lasting. Some species of evergreen trees are large elegant trees and some are small bushy shrubs. The majority of these are dioecious, so they require both a male and female plant within pollination distance of each other in order for the female to produce fruits. Barbara Gillette is a Master Gardener, Herbalist, beekeeper, and journalist with decades of experience propagating and growing fruits, vegetables, herbs, and ornamentals. Some types of Christmas trees are long skinny trees that are perfect for small rooms. Browse the entire list below. Nordmann fir trees are also used for rough timber to construct indoor wooden frames. American mountain-ash. Move it outdoors for a day or two during the holiday season to give it a rest from the stress of warm indoor conditions. These fir trees are some of the tallest fir trees in their native habitats. The barrel-shaped cones are 3 to 6 inches long, green or pale blue maturing to brown or purple, but they may not appear on the tree for the first 40 years. We’re familiar with trees like Alaskan cedar and western red cedar, but they are cedars in name only. The bark of young fir trees is usually smooth and gray. One of the unique identifying features of this fir tree is its long yellowish-green cones. So, whatever your landscaping needs are, there are many varieties of evergreen trees to choose from. Other pines have different leaf and cone arrangements. The balsam fir tree is a species of evergreen coniferous tree that has dense dark green needles. Needles that make up the “leaves” are light pale-green and flat. Many of us have a tendency to refer to all conifers as pine trees, which is not illogical considering that the pine family (Pinaceae) is the largest family of conifers and accounts for approximately ¼ of all cone-bearing trees (the definition of a conifer is a plant that bears cones). They are closely related to other coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae such as pines and cedars. Douglas fir is not a true fir tree but it’s a type of pine tree. Abies balsamea. The silver fir is slender tree that grows to between 130 and 160 ft. (40 – 50 m) tall. Its flattened needle leaves help to identify this Abies species along with green cones that grow to between 2.3” and 4.7” (6 – 12 cm) long. These can be up to 3” (7.6 cm) long and 0.8” (2 cm) wide. The most popular types of Christmas trees in Canada fall into the pine, fir, or spruce families. The underside of the needles has 2 white stomatal bands giving the foliage a lighter appearance. The cylindrical seed cones are 2 1/5 to 5 inches long and a striking violet-blue ripening to brown in the fall. The genus Abies includes 48-56 species of true firs that are classified into nine extant sections and one extinct section. American chestnut. The needles of Korean fir grow densely on the twigs and curl in on themselves. The scientific name of the California red fir gives a clue as to its size and stature. Some of these characteristics include needle length, needle color, bark characteristics, and additional cone characteristics. Fraser fir is related closely to balsam fir. This tree is sensitive to heat and often struggles in climates warmer than zone 5. Also named the Caucasian fir tree, the Nordmann fir is native to Europe, Russia, and the Caucasus mountains. Top needles point forward like ski jumpers; side needles are nearly perpendicular to the twig. The silver fir tree is native to Europe and is a tall species of conifer with sparse foliage. Pick from a variety of fast growing evergreen trees to add character to your yard, offer foliage year-round, or drastically enhance your landscape. Some of the most popular choices for Christmas trees belong to the fir genus Abies, one of several evergreen conifer genera in the Pinaceae family of woody plants. If you look closely at pictures of the needles, you will see they are arranged in a spiral on the shoots. Varieties to Try: Glauca Prostrata, Horstmann’s Silberlocke. It is estimated that there are over 126 species of pine trees in the world. A distinguishing feature of the Fraser fir is that it has straight branches that are angled upwards. Grown mainly in Oregon, the Noble fir is one of the most popular live Christmas trees for sale on the west coast, accounting for 25 to 30 percent of sales (around 7 million trees). Nordmann fir tree is one of the common types of Christmas trees. Some species of fir tree such as the Fraser fir, balsam fir, and noble fir are popular Christmas trees. It makes a lovely contrast with dark-colored evergreens. This narrow tree grows in a symmetrical, pyramidal to a conical shape with flat, shiny dark green needles up to one inch long. This tree demands cooler temperatures and moist soils, making it a popular Christmas tree types in northern areas, where it grows about a foot per year. Fraser firs are one of the most popular types of Christmas trees due to their mild sent, soft needles, and good conical shape. The white fir has bluish green foliage with whitish appearance on the underside. Also, the balsam fir tree has the classic pyramid spherical shape of Christmas trees. Douglas firs grow from medium-sized to extremely large anywhere up to 330 feet tall. Evergreen trees work well for practical use as an outdoor privacy screen or windbreaker. They can be distinguished by their leaves, often called needles. This tree does not handle drought well but has good frost tolerance. Types include bigcone Douglas-fir, common Douglas-fir and "Rocky Mountain" common Douglas-fir. It has soft, flattened pale blue-green needles up to 2 1/2 inches long. It has a conical crown. The Korean fir is one of the smaller fir species. Cones on noble firs are long and cylindrical and can grow to between 4” and 9” (10 – 22 cm) long. Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) is usually the most reasonably priced and abundant cut tree. The most common Abies species used for traditional Christmas trees are the balsam fir, Fraser fir, noble fir, and Nordmann fir. This tree, as you might expect from its name, grows to great heights of over 200 feet tall. People often use fir, spruce and even pine interchangable in casual conversation. The fir needles have a distinct citrus aroma. Do You Know the Difference Between Evergreens and Conifers? The bark of noble fir trees is reddish-brown when mature. Evergreens also d… Abies, Fir trees are a genus comprised of 66 taxa (species, subspecies and varieties) of evergreen conifer trees. • Clay – sticky and plastic-like when wet, extremely small soil particles. • Loam – a mixture of all three. This is a magnificent tree which is among the taller species of fir trees. Some species of fir tree such as the Fraser fir, balsam fir, and noble fir are popular Christmas trees. Interesting needles and showy cones are the hallmark of many types of fir trees. 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